• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A drive system for a harvesting machine (10) comprises an internal combustion engine (38), a crop processing device which can be drivably connected to the internal combustion engine (38) by a coupling (78), a first hydraulic pump (110) arranged on the input side of the coupling (78), which is connected to a first hydraulic motor (112) is connected in a closed circuit, a second, on the output side of the clutch (78) arranged hydraulic pump (102) which is connected to a second hydraulic motor (116) in a closed circuit, and a controller (94 ), with which a harvesting operating mode in which the clutch (78) is closed and the hydraulic motors (112, 116) drive devices assigned to them for conveying and / or processing crop, a reverse rotation mode of the crop processing device and a reversing mode can be selected in which the Clutch (78) is open and the first hydraulic pump (110) is connected to the second hydraulic motor (116), which then has its Device for conveying and / or processing crops reversed.
    公开号:BE1023763B1
    申请号:E2015/0222
    申请日:2015-09-09
    公开日:2017-07-14
    发明作者:Stefan Bohrer
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Drive system for a harvester Description
    The invention relates to a drive system for a harvester.
    Technological background
    In agricultural harvesters, it is common to drive components by hydraulic motors. For this purpose, an internal combustion engine mechanically drives a hydraulic pump, which in turn is connected to the hydraulic motor via hydraulic fluid. If the hydraulic pump and / or the hydraulic motor are provided with an adjustable absorption volume, the rotational speed of the components of the harvesting machine driven by the hydraulic motor can be made variable. On the other hand, harvester material handling devices requiring tangential threshing drums or axial separation rotors in combine harvesters or chopper drums in forage harvesters are generally driven by mechanical drive trains.
    In DE 10 2009 003 242 A1, such a harvester in the form of a forage harvester is described. An internal combustion engine drives a chopper drum via a mechanical drive train in which a separable clutch is inserted. A first hydraulic pump is connected to the input side of the clutch to the mechanical drive train and arranged with a first hydraulic motor which drives a first Erntegutbearbeitungs- and / or conveyor in a first hydraulic circuit. A second hydraulic pump is connected to the mechanical drive train on the output side of the clutch and arranged in a closed second hydraulic circuit with a second hydraulic motor driving a second crop processing and / or conveying device. In a first mode of operation serving for harvesting, the clutch is closed and each hydraulic pump supplies its associated hydraulic motor with pressurized hydrofluid. The connection of the second hydraulic pump on the output side of the coupling avoids, on the one hand, that the second hydraulic pump, with the coupling open, e.g. on the other hand, on a road trip, however, it is possible to hydraulically couple it to the first hydraulic pump when needed by a valve means as needed, and then to use the second hydraulic pump as a hydraulic motor and to reverse the chopper drum, e.g. for grinding the chopping knife. The valve device separates the first hydraulic pump from the first hydraulic motor in the second mode and connects both ports of the second hydraulic pump with the associated ports of the first hydraulic pump.
    task
    When the clutch is opened, however, the prior art according to DE 10 2009 003 242 A1 does not describe the possibility of driving the first hydraulic motor when the clutch is open and, in particular, reversing it to possibly contain a crop jam or crop in which a foreign body detected by a foreign body detector is contained to remove again from the header.
    The object underlying the invention is seen to provide a comparison with the prior art improved drive system for a harvester.
    invention
    The present invention is defined by the claims.
    A drive system for a harvester includes an internal combustion engine and a crop processing device that is mechanically driveably connectable to the internal combustion engine via a powertrain including an actuator operable separable clutch. A first hydraulic pump is connected to the input side of the clutch to the drive train and hydraulikfluidleitend connected to a first hydraulic motor, which is in driving connection with a first means for conveying and / or processing of crop. A second hydraulic pump is connected on the output side of the clutch to the drive train and connected hydraulikfluidleitend with a second hydraulic motor, which is in driving connection with a second device for conveying and / or processing of crop.
    A controller allows (a) to select a harvesting mode of operation in which the clutch is closed so that the crop processor is driven in a first direction and in which the first hydraulic motor is connected to the first hydraulic pump and the first means for conveying and / or or
    Working crop in a first direction drives and the second hydraulic motor is connected to the second hydraulic pump and drives the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop in a first direction. Also, with the controller, (b) a reverse-rotation mode is
    Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung selectable in which the clutch is open and the first hydraulic pump is connected by the hydraulic hydraulic fluid-conducting valve means with the second hydraulic pump, which then serves as a motor for driving the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung in the second direction opposite to the first direction. This reverse rotation mode may be particularly useful for reverse grinding a chopper drum. In addition, (c) a reversing mode of the second crop conveying and / or processing device is selectable with the controller in which the clutch is open and the first hydraulic pump is hydraulically-fluidically connected to the second hydraulic motor through a valve device controlled by the control, which then for driving the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop in the second direction opposite to the first direction are operable.
    The first hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic motor are arranged in a closed circuit, while also the second hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor are arranged in a closed circuit. The two circuits can be coupled and disconnected on the high-pressure and low-pressure side by the control unit controlled by the control device, which is open in harvesting mode (a) and closed in reverse (b) and reverse (c) modes.
    In other words, in the harvesting operation mode, the crop processing device is mechanically driven in its first direction by the engine via the driveline and clutch, while the first hydraulic motor is pressurized by the first hydraulic pump and drives the first crop conveying and / or processing device in its first direction and the second hydraulic motor is acted upon by the second hydraulic pump and drives the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop in their first direction. By the control device of the reverse rotation mode can be selected, in which the first hydraulic pump then serves as a second motor hydraulic pump and the latter reverses the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung. In addition, a reversing mode may be selected in which the clutch is open and the first hydraulic pump is hydraulically fluidically connected to the second hydraulic motor which then drives the second crop conveying and / or processing device in the second direction opposite the first direction, ie the second device for the extraction and / or processing of crops. reverses. In reversing mode, the clutch is open, i. the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung stands still. The valve device connects or disconnects the two respective closed hydraulic circuits high and low pressure side.
    In this way, with simple means, the second device for conveying and / or processing crops can be reversed even when the clutch is open. It would also be conceivable, then in addition to reverse the first device for the promotion and / or processing of crop. Of course, independently of this, it is of course also possible to operate in harvest mode, i. with closed clutch, the first and / or second hydraulic motor to reverse.
    The second hydraulic motor may have a controllable by the control displacement and be brought in the reverse rotation mode of Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung in a zero position, so that the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop then not or as little as possible.
    The first hydraulic motor may also have a displacement that can be adjusted by the control and be brought into a zero position in the reverse rotation mode of the crop processing device and / or in the reversing mode of the second device for conveying and / or processing crop material, so that the first device for conveying and / or processing does not move or move as slowly as possible.
    In particular, the first hydraulic pump and / or the second hydraulic pump has a delivery volume that can be adjusted by the controller. The second hydraulic pump is preferably brought in the reversing mode of the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop in a zero position, so that the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung then not or moves as slowly as possible.
    The Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung may be a chopper drum, while the first means for conveying and / or processing of crop is a feed conveyor and / or the second means for conveying and / or processing of crop is a header. Of course, there is also the possibility that the first device for conveying and / or processing crops is a header, while the second device for conveying and / or processing of crops is an intake conveyor. , Working Example
    With reference to the figures, an embodiment of the invention will be explained. Show it:
    1 is a schematic side view of a self-propelled harvester in the form of a forage harvester,
    Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the drive system of the harvesting machine, and
    Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic interconnection of the hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors for driving the intake conveyor and the header.
    1 shows a harvester 10 in the manner of a self-propelled forage harvester is shown in a schematic side view. The harvester 10 is built on a frame 12 supported by front driven wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The operation of the harvesting machine 10 is carried out by a driver's cab 18, from which a header 20 in the form of a pickup is visible. By means of the header 20 picked up from the ground crop, z. As grass or the like is fed via a feed conveyor 22 with Vorpresswalzen, which are arranged within a feed housing 24 on the front side of the forage harvester 10, arranged below the driver's cab 18, provided as Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung chopper drum 26, which chops it into small pieces and it Releases conveyor 28. The crop exits the harvester 10 to a transporting vehicle traveling alongside it, about an ejection bend 30 rotatable about an approximately vertical axis and inclinable in inclination. In the following, directional indications, such as side, bottom and top, refer to the advancing direction V of the harvester 10 shown in FIG Figure 1 extends to the right.
    FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the drive arrangement of the harvesting machine 10.1m. In the rear region of the harvesting machine 10 there is an internal combustion engine 38, in particular in the form of a diesel engine. The engine 38 extends in the forward direction of the harvester 10 and includes a crankshaft 42 that extends forward out of the housing of the engine 38. The internal combustion engine 38 drives in operation with its crankshaft 42 a first longitudinal shaft 46, which is connected to the first bevel gear 66 of an angle gear 64. The first propeller shaft 46 also drives via gear wheels 70, 72 and a second propeller shaft 76 to a pump assembly 74, which includes a hydraulic pump for driving hydraulic motors for propulsion of the harvester, a steering pump and a hydraulic pump for oil supply to the control of the hydrostatic drive for the propulsion of Harvesting machine 10 includes, and a first hydraulic pump 110, which serves to drive a first hydraulic motor 112 for driving the intake conveyor 22 via a gear 114. It would also be conceivable, via one of the gears 70, 72 or an interposed gear (not shown) to drive other permanently driven elements, such as an electric generator and / or a fan drive for the cooling air supply for the internal combustion engine 38.
    The second bevel gear 68 of the first bevel gear 64 is connected to a transverse shaft 80 which extends through a hollow shaft 106 connected to the pulley 82 on the side remote from the angle gear 64 side of the pulley 82 and is connected there to a clutch 78. The clutch 78 is connected on the output side to the hollow shaft 106, which also drives a second hydraulic pump 102 on the side facing the angle gear 64 side of the pulley 82 via gears 96,108 and 100, which serves to drive a second hydraulic motor 116 which drives the header 20. The clutch 78 makes it possible to turn the drive belt 84 and with it the cutterhead 26 and the conveyor 28 on and off.
    A suitable controller 94 (see Figure 1) is connected to an actuator 122 for switching the clutch 78.
    FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic schematic of the first and second hydraulic pumps 110, 102 and of the first and second hydraulic motors 112, 116. The two ports of the first variable displacement hydraulic pump 110 are connected to the two ports of the first hydraulic motor 112, the displacement of which is adjustable by the controller 94. Accordingly, the first hydraulic pump 110 and the first hydraulic motor 112 form a closed circuit, and the speed (determining the cutting length) at which the intake conveyor 22 is driven is variable by adjusting a swash plate of the first hydraulic pump 110 and a swash plate of the first hydraulic motor 112. The actuators for adjusting the swash plates of the first hydraulic pump 110 and the first hydraulic motor 112 are further connected to a detection device for detecting foreign bodies, which causes a sufficiently rapid stopping of the intake conveyor 22 in the case of detecting a recording of an unwanted foreign body (see DE 10 2009 002 849 A1).
    The second hydraulic pump 102 and the second hydraulic motor 116 also form a closed loop in which the outlet of the second hydraulic pump 102 is directly connected to the inlet of the second hydraulic motor 112 and the outlet of the second hydraulic motor 116 is directly connected to the inlet of the second hydraulic pump 102 , The second hydraulic pump 102 and the second hydraulic motor 112 both have adjustable swash plates, which allows the controller 94 to adjust the speed of movable components of the header 20 for cutting and / or conveying the crop.
    A valve device 118 which is electromagnetically controlled by the controller 94 connects or disconnects the low-pressure sides 122 and 104 and the high-pressure sides 124 and 126 of the two closed circuits. The controller 94 and the valve assembly 118 provide for at least three modes of operation that may be selected by the operator through the interface 98: (a) An emptying mode in which the clutch 78 is closed and the internal combustion engine 38 drives the chopper drum 26 while the first hydraulic pump 110 drives the first hydraulic motor 112 and the second hydraulic pump 102 drives the second hydraulic motor 116. Valve device 118 is in the position shown in FIG. the two closed circles of Figure 3 are separated. The first mode of operation corresponds to the normal harvesting operation in which crop material is picked up by the header 20, conveyed by the intake conveyor 22 to the chopper drum 22 and chopped by it, and finally overloaded by the chute 30 onto a transport vehicle. By adjusting the swash plates of the hydraulic pumps 110 and 102 (and / or the hydraulic motors 112,116) is in a conventional manner the ability to adjust the speeds of the intake conveyor 22 and / or the Emtevorsatzes 20 (together or separately) and / or the feed conveyor 22 and / or to reverse the Emtevorsatz 20 to eject obstructions or foreign bodies. (b) A reverse rotation mode of the crop processor in which the clutch 78 is opened and the engine 38 drives the first hydraulic pump 110. The controller 94 then places the valve device 118 in the active position (thus moving it to the right in FIG. 3), so that the first hydraulic pump 110 drives the second hydraulic pump 102, which is now used as a motor, which is transmitted via the gears 100, 108, 96. the hollow shaft 106, the pulley 82, the belt 84 and the pulley 88 leads to a movement of the chopper drum 26 opposite to the harvesting operation. This reversing drive of the chopper drum 26 allows for a better grinding * of the chopper drum knives by means of a grinder 120 than grinding in the direction of rotation used in the emptying mode. In the reverse rotation mode of the crop processor, the swash plates of the hydraulic motors 112 and 116 may be zeroed by the controller 94 to maintain the rotational speed of the intake conveyor 22 and the header 20 small (or zero). (c) A reversing mode in which the clutch 78 is opened and the first hydraulic pump 110 hydraulically fluidly connects the valve device 118 to the second hydraulic motor 116, which then serves to drive the header 20 in the second direction opposite the harvesting operation. The swash plate of the second hydraulic pump 102 is then moved to a (zero) position in which the second hydraulic pump 102 rotates as slowly as possible or not at all. Also, the swash plate of the first hydraulic motor 112 is moved to a neutral position. Separated from time, the first hydraulic motor 112 and thus the intake conveyor 22 can (but need not) be reversed. Due to the reversing mode, it is possible, with the clutch 78 open, to reverse the header 20 driven by the second hydraulic motor 116, whose associated hydraulic pump 102 is not available for providing pressurized hydraulic fluid due to the opened clutch 78.
    The second hydraulic pump 102 is therefore designed for two directions of rotation. It may be implemented as a hydraulic motor used as a pump in the first mode of operation, or it may be a bidirectionally operable hydraulic pump which has a suitable bi-directional driveline and does not have its own feed pump.
    When the clutch 78 is opened, the chopper drum 22 can be braked by suitably controlling the swashplates of the second hydraulic motor 116 and the second hydraulic pump 102, by reducing the overpressure which then arises through valves and converting them into heat (see DE 10 2008 002 428 A1).
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    claims
    A drive system for a harvesting machine (10), comprising: an internal combustion engine (38), a crop processing device that is mechanically driveably connectable to the internal combustion engine (38) via a drive train, the powertrain having a separable clutch actuable by an actuator (122) ( 78) includes a first hydraulic pump (110) connected to the drivetrain on the input side of the clutch (78) and in a first closed circuit connected in hydraulic fluid communication with a first hydraulic motor (112) having a first means for delivering and / or or machining of crop material is in drive connection, a second hydraulic pump (102) which is connected to the output side of the clutch (78) to the drive train and in a second closed circuit hydraulikfluidleitend with a second hydraulic motor (116) which is connected to a second Device for conveying and / or processing crop material in propulsion and a controller (94) comprising: (a) a harvesting mode of operation in which the clutch (78) is closed so that the crop processor is driven in a first direction and wherein the first hydraulic motor (112) engages the first hydraulic pump (110) is connected and drives the first means for conveying and / or processing Emtegut in a first direction and the second hydraulic motor (116) with the second hydraulic pump (102) is connected and the second means for conveying and / or (C) a reverse rotation mode of the crop processor is selectable in which the clutch (78) is open and the first hydraulic pump (110) is hydraulically fluidly connected to the second hydraulic pump (102) which then serves as a motor for driving the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung in the second, the first direction opposite direction is used and (c) a reversing mode of the second A device for conveying and / or processing crop material is selectable, in which the coupling (78) is opened and the first hydraulic pump (110) is hydraulically fluidically connected to the second hydraulic motor (116), which is then used to drive the second device for conveying and / or or processing of crop in the second, the first direction opposite direction is operable, the two circuits high pressure and low pressure side by a control (94) controlled valve means (118) are coupled and separable, in the harvesting mode of operation (a) is open and closed in reverse (b) and reverse (c) modes.
    [2]
    The drive system of claim 1, wherein the second hydraulic motor (116) has a displacement that is adjustable by the controller (94) and the controller (94) is configured to set the displacement of the second hydraulic motor (116) to zero in the reverse (b) mode ,
    [3]
    A drive system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first hydraulic motor (112) has a displacement that is adjustable by the controller (94), and the controller (94) is adapted to adjust the displacement of the first hydraulic motor (112) in the reverse (b) and / or or to zero in reversing mode (c).
    [4]
    4. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first hydraulic pump (110) and / or the second hydraulic pump (102) by the controller (94) adjustable delivery volume and the controller (94) is arranged, the delivery volume of the second To zero the hydraulic pump (102) in reversing mode (c).
    [5]
    5. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung is a chopper drum (26).
    [6]
    6. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first means for conveying and / or processing of Emtegut an intake conveyor (22) and / or the second means for conveying and / or processing of crop is a header (20).
    [7]
    7. harvesting machine (10) with a drive system according to one of the preceding claims.
    [8]
    8. harvester (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that it is a forage harvester.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102014219205A1|2016-03-24|
    BE1023763A1|2017-07-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102009002849A1|2008-07-11|2010-01-14|Deere & Company, Moline|Drive system for a feed conveyor of a harvester|
    EP2269439A1|2009-05-08|2011-01-05|Deere & Company|Self-propelled agricultural harvesting machine with two combustion engines|
    DE102009003242A1|2009-05-19|2010-11-25|Deere & Company, Moline|Drive system for harvesting machine, particularly field chopper, has combustion engine and crop processing unit which is mechanically connected by drive train with combustion engine|
    DE102008002428A1|2008-06-13|2009-12-17|Deere & Company, Moline|Drive system for a harvester|DE102016215264A1|2016-08-16|2018-02-22|Deere & Company|Reversing a crop receiver|
    DE102018116237A1|2017-07-19|2019-01-24|Turck Holding Gmbh|Magnetic sensor, in particular for use on a chopper device|
    DE102018211863A1|2018-07-17|2020-01-23|Deere & Company|Drive system for a forage harvester|
    DE102019206829A1|2019-05-10|2020-11-12|Deere & Company|Drive system for a harvesting machine|
    DE102019213353A1|2019-09-03|2021-03-04|Deere & Company|Drive system for a harvesting machine|
    DE102021117470A1|2020-07-21|2022-01-27|Deere & Company|Method and arrangement for checking an operating parameter of a forage harvester|
    DE102020119291A1|2020-07-22|2022-01-27|Deere & Company|Drive system for a harvesting machine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014219205.6A|DE102014219205A1|2014-09-23|2014-09-23|Drive system for a harvester|
    DE102014219205.6|2014-09-23|
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